solar

SOLAR DYNAMICS

The Solid Solar Surface Model is based upon observations from the YOHKOH, SOHO and TRACE satellite programs, from spectral analysis data compiled by the SERTS program. This “running Difference” image of the sun’s surface was captured by SOHO. This NASA image was taken on May 27th 2005 at 19:13 using the 195A filter that is sensitive to iron ion emissions.

High energy photons induced by mantle heating transform into electron positron pairs at the solar core surface where electrons transfer into field lines resulting in residual positrons which merge in trios, three trios are trapped by four transiting electrons and transform into protons.

Photon transformation cools the core, provides a heat sink for mantle heating and protons are deionized into elemental hydrogen which composes the solar mantle, a colorless metallic liquid in solar gravity, heated by the corona of ionized proton plasma floating above the mantle which attracts electrons from deep space and transforms kinetic energy of the current into starlight.

Temperatures in the corona are upwards of 2 million degrees Fahrenheit, while just 1,000 miles below, the underlying surface simmers at a balmy 10,000 F. How the Sun manages this feat remains one of the greatest unanswered questions in astrophysics; scientists call it the coronal heating problem.

The solar wind is transformed from liquid hydrogen into an ionized plasma gas in an endothermic change of state which cools the mantle surface and composes the solar wind which escapes the corona through coronal holes and snspots.

Coronal holes are associated with rapidly expanding “open” magnetic fields along which the solar wind flow can easily escape. They appear as dark regions in solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray images due to the lower density and temperature compared to the surrounding corona.

The hexagon at Saturn’s pole suggests Saturn’s core is a geometic array of equal radius spheres with hexagonal top and botton plates and, unlike the sun Earth and Jupiter, the core array rotates exactly aligned Saturn’s rotation axis, and power rings, ionized by sunlight, exactly around the equatorial plane.

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The cores of stars are rotating arrays of equal radius ionized spheres, draped by ferrite boundary layers, embedded in fields which capture the repelling force between core ions and dipole moments induced by rotational momentum of moving charges, a vector force which increases the velocity of orbiting ions in the direction of core rotation.

The giant bubbles spotted R?Doradus are about 75 times the size of our Sun, and the giant star has a diameter of about 350 times that of the Sun but a similar mass to the sun.